Organizations create and use teams, partnerships, and alliances to:
· Undertake new initiatives
· Address both minor and major problems
· Capitalize on significant opportunities
· Organizations create teams, partnerships, and alliances both internally with employees and externally with other organizations
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| Collaboration System |
Ø Collaboration system – supports the work of teams by facilitating the sharing and flow of information
Ø Organizations form alliances and partnerships with other organizations based on their core competency
· Core competency – an organization’s key strength, a business function that it does better than any of its competitors
· Core competency strategy – organization chooses to focus specifically on its core competency and forms partnerships with other organizations to handle nonstrategic business processes
Ø Information technology can make a business partnership easier to establish and manage
· Information partnership – occurs when two or more organizations cooperate by integrating their IT systems, thereby providing customers with the best of what each can offer
· The Internet has dramatically increased the ease and availability for IT-enabled organizational alliances and partnerships
Ø Collaboration Systems
Ø Collaboration solves specific business tasks such as telecommuting, online meetings, deploying applications, and remote project and sales management
Ø Collaboration system – an
· IT-based set of tools that supports
· the work of teams by facilitating
· the sharing and flow of information
Ø Two categories of collaboration
· Unstructured collaboration (information collaboration) - includes document exchange, shared whiteboards, discussion forums, and e-mail
· Structured collaboration (process collaboration) - involves shared participation in business processes such as workflow in which knowledge is hardcoded as rules
· Collaboration Systems
Ø Collaborative business functions
Ø Collaboration systems include:
· Knowledge management systems
· Content management systems
· Workflow management systems
· Groupware systems
· Knowledge Management Systems
Ø Knowledge management (KM) – involves capturing, classifying, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing information assets in a way that provides context for effective decisions and actions
Ø Knowledge management system – supports the capturing and use of an organization’s “know-how”
Ø Explicit and Tacit Knowledge
Ø Intellectual and knowledge-based assets fall into two categories
· Explicit knowledge – consists of anything that can be documented, archived, and codified, often with the help of IT
· Tacit knowledge - knowledge contained in people’s heads
Ø The following are two best practices for transferring or recreating tacit knowledge
· Shadowing – less experienced staff observe more experienced staff to learn how their more experienced counterparts approach their work
· Joint problem solving – a novice and expert work together on a project
Ø Reasons why organizations launch knowledge management programs
Ø KM Technologies
Ø Knowledge management systems include:
· Knowledge repositories (databases)
· Expertise tools
· E-learning applications
· Discussion and chat technologies
· Search and data mining tools
Ø KM and Social Networking
Ø Finding out how information flows through an organization
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| Social Networking |
· Social networking analysis (SNA) – a process of mapping a group’s contacts (whether personal or professional) to identify who knows whom and who works with whom
· SNA provides a clear picture of how employees and divisions work together and can help identify key experts
· Social Networking
Ø Content Management
Ø Content management system (CMS) – provides tools to manage the creation, storage, editing, and publication of information in a collaborative environment
Ø CMS marketplace includes:
· Document management system (DMS)
· Digital asset management system (DAM)
· Web content management system (WCM)
Document management system (DMS)
Ø Supports the electronic capturing, storage, distribution, archival, and accessing of documents
Digital asset management system (DAM)
Ø Similar to DMS, generally works with binary rather than text files, such as multimedia files types.
Web content management system (WCM)
Ø Adds an additional layer to document and digital asset management that enables publishing content both to intranets and to public Web sites
Ø Content management system vendor overview
WORKING WIKIS
Ø Wikis - Web-based tools that make it easy for users to add, remove, and change online content
Ø Business wikis - collaborative Web pages that allow users to edit documents, share ideas, or monitor the status of a project
Ø Business wikis
Ø Workflow Management Systems
Ø Work activities can be performed in series or in parallel that involves people and automated computer systems
Ø Workflow – defines all the steps or business rules, from beginning to end, required for a business process
Ø Workflow management system – facilitates the automation and management of business processes and controls the movement of work through the business process
Ø Messaging-based workflow system – sends work assignments through an e-mail system
Ø Database-based workflow system – stores documents in a central location and automatically asks the team members to access the document when it is their turn to edit the document
Ø Groupware Systems
Ø Groupware technologies
Ø Groupware – software that supports team interaction and dynamics including calendaring, scheduling, and videoconferencing
VIDEOCONFERENCING
Ø Videoconference - a set of interactive telecommunication technologies that allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously.
WEB CONFERENCING
Ø Web conferencing - blends audio, video, and document-sharing technologies to create virtual meeting rooms where people “gather” at a password-protected Web site.
INSTANT MESSAGING
Ø E-mail is the dominant form of collaboration application, but real-time collaboration tools like instant messaging are creating a new communication dynamic
Ø Instant messaging - type of communications service that enables someone to create a kind of private chat room with another individual to communicate in real-time over the Internet
Ø Instant messaging application
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